Russian government blocks public health organization’s website

Article 19 reports that the order from the Federal Drug Control Service (FSKN) Moscow Department went into effect on February 3, 2012. The order claims the move is due to the “placement of materials that propagandize (advertise) the use of drugs, information about distribution, purchasing of drugs and inciting the use of drugs.”

Methadone illegal in Russia
The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies methadone as an essential medicine for the treatment of opiate dependence, but in Russia it is illegal.

The Russian government refuses to allow methadone treatment, despite dozens of studies from around the world showing the medicine to be effective in HIV prevention and treatment. Instead, Russian officials recommend “narcology”, an abstinence-based system designed to treat alcoholics and largely ineffective or harmful for those dependent on opiates.

“People all over the world take this medication for granted, but here in Russia it’s central to our struggle against HIV and it’s banned,” said Anya Sarang, president of the foundation. “Now, even our speaking about it seems to be banned.”

Human rights and health advocates contend that Russia’s failure to allow information or services helpful to drug users breaches international human rights law and public health norms.

International health and human rights groups including Article 19, Human Rights Watch, Harm Reduction International, the Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network, and the International Centre for Science in Drug Policy, criticized the government’s decision.

In 2006, the Russian government forced the closure of another website, by the prominent physician Vladimir Mendelevich, which contained information about methadone.

Foundation provided information about HIV prevention
The website is maintained by the Andrey Rylkov Foundation, which advocates health-based drug policies and has been a vocal critic of the Russian government’s ban on methadone. The website included international research findings on methadone showing that this treatment reduces HIV risk among users of heroin and other opiates and also helps people stay on AIDS and TB treatments.

“The government has nothing to gain by censoring this small organization for trying to help people stay safe,” said Diederik Lohman, senior health researcher at Human Rights Watch. “It is totally unacceptable and evidence of the Russian authorities’ ongoing resistance to internationally accepted methods of HIV prevention and international standards for freedom of expression.”

“The right to information is essential to realizing the right to health,” said Agnes Callamard, right, executive director of Article 19.

“State authorities should respect the right to health and refrain from restricting access to health-related information or withholding or intentionally misrepresenting health-related information. A government agency such as FSKN should not have the ability to ban websites at the whim of a bureaucrat. This is particularly so when considering the impact of censoring discussions relating to drug addiction or HIV/AIDS.”

Dr. Evan Wood of the International Center for Science in Drug Policy agrees with his colleagues. “In Russia, with so many people contracting HIV through injecting with unsterile equipment, and with thousands of overdose deaths each year, accurate and objective health information among people who inject drugs is a matter of life and death,” he said.

Background
According to Article 19, Russia has one of the largest populations of injecting drug users in the world, as well as one of the fastest growing HIV epidemics. An estimated 980,000 people are living with HIV in Russia. In some regions, as many as 80 percent of those with HIV contracted the virus through contaminated injection equipment.

Russia has approximately 1.8 million people who inject drugs and are at risk of HIV, according to the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) Global Report: UNAIDS Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic, 2010.

Russia has the second-highest HIV prevalence in the Eastern Europe and Central Asia region, after Ukraine. Together, they account for more than 90 per cent of all new HIV diagnoses in the region, according to the 2011 UNAIDS World AIDS Day report; 2010 UNAIDS Epidemic Update.

The Andrey Rylkov Foundation for Health and Social Justice (ARF) is a grass-roots organization from Russia, whose mission is to promote and develop humane drug policy based on tolerance, protection of health, dignity, and human rights.